N° 7, Abril 2015

Editorial - Lucio Cañete Arratia - Download
 
A proposal for modeling the relationship between domestic technology and autarky - Paz Alejandra Díaz Castillo - Download
 

  • Abstract: This paper proposes a method for measuring the autarky of a country based on its technology. The procedure regards an Internal Technological level that depends on technology management and a Self-Sufficiency Potential quantified by the percentage of goods that a country is able to produce within its borders. The usefulness of the procedure for a country is the generation of a Cartesian plane that informs how sensitive is its autarky to technological changes.
  • Keywords: technology, autarky, economy, society, model, method 

Chile facing the Global Warming: discussing a territorial annexation of some flood-prone countries in the Western Pacific - Lucio Cañete Arratia - Download
 

  • Abstract: Since humanity is facing a Global Warming where some of its effects will be both the rise of ocean levels and the increase aggressiveness of storm surges, many States located in low-lying islands are at risk of losing part of its surface and even disappear. Indeed, many of these small countries are not only characterized by its low altitude, but also by its low GDP per capita, a condition that makes them even more vulnerable to sea rise and violence triggered by climate change that approach. In such a scenario certainly likely at the end of this century, Chile can now take a global prominence thanks to its oceanic conditions and its integration into the international community, both qualities that this country often declares. Indeed, Chile can propose an annexation to the governments of the Pacific Small Island Developing States (SIDS); making that population and territories are Chileans and avoid future and pejorative immigration status or environmental refugees. These news Chileans could settle in regions as Aysén, promoting their development; while on the other side in what remains of the abandoned islands, Chile can materialize science centers, facilities for the exploitation of natural resources and military bases; thus achieving an effective screening throughout the Pacific. To develop this ambitious project, it must overcome several obstacles, including producing evasive and disruptive technology for the dangerous islands.
  • Keywords: territorial annexation, Global Warming, risk, geopolitics, SIDS, technology.

Generation of digital elevation models using sensor images of SPOT-5 HRS to create mapping at scales 1:25,000-1:50,000 - Víctor Herrera G., Patricio Flores P. y Carlos Eissmann R.  - Download
 

  • Abstract: Today Chile has no elevation model (DEM) with national character. Analyzed from the point of view of science and geomatics technologies, a DEM and the orthoimages may be updated in their respective scales 1:25,000 and 1:50,000, these are essential for national development in its various applications. Due to new developments in hardware and software technology it is possible to lead towards new methods of processing and have access to satellite technology to create cartography with new parameters and elements. Based on the methodology employed by Imagine Spot for the generation of cartographic products, the proposal of this research are modifications to methodology to develop our means and get a DEM with the respective orthoimagen, which will validate the data both vertically and horizontally, thus to generate maps for the different productive and strategic areas of the country. From the results obtained it can be concluded that the proposed methodology meets all the objectives and opens a new opportunity to innovate in developing quality cartographic products. 
  • Keywords: Geomatics, digital elevation model, cartography, remote sensing, SPOT-HRS.

Proposal of geophysical survey for paleontologic prospecting in Cerro Ballena - Jorge Zavalla Vásquez - Download

 

  • Abstract: Close to Caldera city in the Atacama Desert, a paleontological site of marine vertebrate fossils of Pliocene and Pleistocene was accidentally discovered. There were no previous studies of this coastal area until 2012, when a team of paleontologists made a quick removal of the fossils. This paper proposes a geophysical survey in this Chilean site by means of two methods: gravimetric and seismic. Most articles related to geophysics show effectiveness in measuring anomalies associated to geological units with fossil record; however, they are not focused on the search of the fossil itself. The methodology regards the study of the topography along the record of geological structures, the construction of a mesh for collecting of data, filter and interpretation. The expected results are related to quantitative gravimetric and seismic anomalies, those provide traces of the location and attitude of the stratum in which the fossils may be found. The study delivers information to sketch a fossil inventory in site without the necessity alteration of the environment. It should be noted that these geophysical methods are poorly used in the scientific enterprises linked to paleontology, so it is expected that this work may inspire future studies. 
  • Keywords: geophysics, paleontology, fossil, gravimetry, seismic.